Are Substances the Answer? Understanding Substance Use Among Student-Athletes

 

By Denise Lopez

Denise is a second-year graduate student at National University, pursuing a Master’s Degree in Counseling Psychology with a specialization in Marriage and Family Therapy and Clinical Counseling. Outside of counseling, she is also deeply passionate about coaching volleyball. Through her coaching experience, Denise developed a strong awareness of the mental health challenges faced by athletes. She is particularly interested in using mindfulness and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy approaches to address issues such as body dysmorphia, eating disorders, performance anxiety, and navigating difficult life transitions in athletes.

As a former volleyball player, I can recall the challenges of balancing demanding athletic schedules, rigorous academic expectations, and the pressures of social life. College was an exciting time, but as a student-athlete, it could get very overwhelming. Balancing demanding athletic schedules, academics, social lives, and personal goals can feel like an endless balancing act with little room to breathe. In the midst of these pressures, some student-athletes may turn to substances—like alcohol, drugs, or performance enhancers—to cope with stress, manage pain, or even fit in socially. But while these substances might seem like a solution in the short term, they often come with long-term consequences that can negatively impact mental and physical health, academic performance, and athletic careers. 

Why Are Student-Athletes More at Risk?

The unique challenges faced by student-athletes make them more vulnerable to substance use than their peers. According to a study in the Journal of American College Health, collegiate athletes often report higher rates of alcohol consumption and smokeless tobacco use compared to non-athletes. Many factors contribute to this trend, including:

• Stress from high expectations: The pressure to excel both academically and athletically can lead athletes to seek quick ways to relieve stress.
• Injuries and pain management: Physical demands often result in injuries, leading some athletes to misuse prescription painkillers or turn to substances for relief.
• Social dynamics: The culture of team bonding and social events may encourage alcohol or drug use as a way to fit in or celebrate victories.
• Performance pressure: Some athletes may turn to performance-enhancing substances, like stimulants or steroids, to gain a competitive edge, despite the risks.

Research also shows the association between substance use and lower academic performance among student-athletes, with binge drinking and marijuana use linked to lower GPAs.

What Are the Risks?

While substances might seem like an easy fix for immediate challenges, they often create more significant issues down the line. Risks include:

• Health problems: Long-term substance use can lead to addiction, heart and liver issues, and mental health challenges like anxiety and depression.
• Academic setbacks: Substance use can impair focus and motivation, leading to missed classes, poor grades, and academic probation.
• Athletic consequences: Performance-enhancing substances can result in disqualification, suspensions, or bans under NCAA regulations.

How Can Counseling Help You?

If you’re feeling overwhelmed, know that you don’t have to face it alone. Counseling services are specifically designed to support student-athletes in navigating the unique challenges they face. A counselor can help you:

• Develop healthier ways to manage stress.
• Address feelings of anxiety, burnout, or depression.
• Find alternatives to substances for managing pain or improving performance.
• Build a support system that encourages balance and well-being.

Counseling is a confidential, judgment-free space where you can express your concerns and create a plan to achieve your goals without the need for substances. 

What Steps Can You Take Today?

Taking the first step toward support can feel daunting, but it’s also empowering. If you’re struggling with substance use or the pressures of student life, reach out to your campus mental health services or explore these resources:

• Mira Costa Counselors are available in the Student Health Services office: Oceanside Health Services at 760.795.6675 San Elijo Health Services at 760.757.2121 x7747
• Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) National Helpline: 1-800-662-HELP (4357)
• NCAA Sport Science Institute: https://www.ncaa.org/sports/2024/4/22/mental-and-physical-health.aspx

Remember, You’re Not Alone

Student-athletes are some of the strongest individuals on campus, both physically and mentally. But even the strongest need support sometimes. Seeking help isn’t a sign of weakness—it’s a step toward becoming the best version of yourself, both on and off the field. 

References

• Ford, J. A. (2007). Substance use among college athletes: A comparison based on sport/team affiliation. Journal of American College Health, 55(6), 367–373. https://journals.healio.com/doi/10.3928/19425864-20210720-01?
• Buckman, J. F., Yusko, D. A., White, H. R., & Pandina, R. J. (2011). Risk profile of male college athletes who use performance-enhancing substances. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 72(6), 1057–1062. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6777729/?